The MENA region has weathered the economic storm from the health crisis. The economic recovery continues to gain momentum. Higher energy prices will improve the fiscal and current account positions in oil exporters. In oil importers, deficits, government debt, and unemployment will remain high.

Our baseline projections do not envisage recovery in tourism to pre-pandemic levels before 2023. Faster recovery in tourism hinges on rapid advancements in vaccine distribution.

Sovereigns are increasingly tapping capital markets to finance fiscal deficits. Private inflows to the MENA region continue to be dominated by Saudi Arabia, the UAE and Qatar. Resident outflows are declining but still exceed inflows. FDI remains subdued and concentrated in the energy sector.

Our MENA growth forecast stands at -0.3% with additional downside risks and high uncertainty over the duration of the shutdown and an additional potential fall on oil prices. We project recession in most oil exporters, the lowest growth in oil importers since the early 1990s, and wide twin deficits.

The extra 0.5 mbd cut may not be enough to rein in projected oversupply in 2020, since the OPEC+ bloc has already made cuts well beyond the 1.2 mbd target of the previous agreement. Consequently, we expect a decline in average Brent oil prices to $60 a barrel in 2020.

Non-resident capital inflows to the MENA region are projected to rise from $165bn last year to $200bn in 2019 before moderating to $173bn in 2020. With the increasing inflows, inclusion into global indices, and ongoing reforms, the MENA region is becoming more prominent on the EM investment map.

We expect growth in the MENA region to slow to 1.4% in 2019 from 1.8% in 2018, dragged down by the deep recession in Iran and the compliance with the OPEC + deal. This aggregate picture, however, hides considerable heterogeneity in economic paths across the region.

We still expect Brent oil prices to average $65/b in 2019 and $62/b in 2020. Growth in non-OPEC supply combined with deceleration in global oil demand growth in 2019 and 2020, is offsetting upward pressure on oil prices from rising geopolitical tensions that could disrupt supply.

Recent large-scale protests over austerity measures have led to a new aid pledge from the Gulf. The recent tax bill, which focused on regressive measu.

The underlying economic situation remains challenging with low growth, large deficits, and high public debt. Private sector confidence continues to be.

Key recent economic indicators point to continued sluggish growth and deterioration in external position. Further fiscal consolidation needs to includ.

Fiscal reforms have narrowed the deficit and reduced vulnerabilities in a difficult external environment. Nonetheless, continued fiscal adjustment is.

Economic growth is improving, but heightened regional security risks continue to dampen business sentiment. With reforms leading to reduced external a.

The turmoil in the region has aggravated the twin deficits in 2012. The removal of fuel subsidies combined with a surge in grants will narrow the fisc.

Economic activity is expected to recover gradually in 2013 and 2014, helped by sizable multilateral and bilateral support in the form of loans and gra.

The regional turmoil has imposed substantial costs on the Jordanian economy, which we attempt to estimate. Our results show that in the absence of the.